地铁 提速 消噪 延寿 省土地 5大创新——我国著名道岔专家刘语冰教授系列化地铁道岔创新成果展示
刘语冰教授工作简历
中国交通运输协会新技术促进分会常务专家理事，原铁道部标准计量研究所副所长、原铁道部专业设计院轨道处总工程师。自1954年开始，先后在铁道部设计局定型设计事务所、铁道科学研究院和铁道部专业设计院从事铁路道岔的设计、科研和标准化工作。曾参与建国前从不同国家进口的道岔标准的简统工作；参与铁路恢复时期模仿国外的道岔设计工作；组织自主的道岔设计工作；组织自主的“六二型”和“七五型”道岔标准化工作；参与高锰钢整铸辙叉的研究和组织高锰钢整铸辙叉的系列设计工作；参与矮型特种断面钢轨的设计和主持矮型断面尖轨跟端锻造工艺的研究；参与和协助提速道岔的设计工作；参与和协助高速铁路大号数道岔的设计工作；主持研制成功锻焊辙叉、高强耐磨钢锒板辙叉和锒尖尖轨。编写《道岔构造和设计》（上、下册）、《日本高速铁路轨道概况》和《铁路道岔论文集》三部专著。
WOGUOCHENGSHIDITIEZIBEIJINGDITIE1HAOXIAN1969NIAN10YUE1RITONGCHEYILAI，SUIZHEWOGUOCHENGZHENHUADEFAZHAN，JIEZHI2014NIANDIQUANGUOXIUJIANYUNYINGDEDITIEXIANLU95TIAO，TONGCHELICHENGDADAO2900Km，ZAIYUNYINGDEDITIEXIANLUZHONGSHIYONGDEDAOCHAJIBENSHANGDOUSHIYINYONGGUOTIEDEDAOCHAHUOYOUXIEZUOLEJUBUDEXIUGAI，SISHIWUNIANLAIDAOCHAJIEGOUJIBENSHANGMEIYOUCHUANGXIN，BINGFAXIANCUNZAIDEWENTIYOU：
1、DITIEZHENGXIANGAOFENGSHIBIXUSUODUANZHEFANSHIJIAN，YIZENGJIADITIEDONGCHEZUDEYUNNENG。
2、DITIEZHENGXIANDAOCHAJIANGUIDEGENDUANCAIYONGHUOJIETOU，DAOCHABUNENGHANJIECHENGWUFENGDAOCHAZHISHIDITIEZHENGXIANBUNENGPUSHEKUAQUJIANCHAOZHANGWUFENGXIANLU，DAOCHACHENGWEIDITIEDEZAOYINYUAN。
3、DITIEZHENGXIANDAOCHAJIANGUIGENDUANCAIYONGGUDINGJIETOUSHI，JIANGUIJIANDUANGUIJUWUJIAKUAN，JIANGUIJIANDUANCHENGJUCHIXINGMOHAO，SHIYONGSHOUMINGGUODUAN；JIANGUIZHANGDUGUOZHANGYONGERTAIZHUANZHEJIQIANYINRENGCUNZAIBUZUWEIYIHEJIANGUIDEFANDAN。
4、DITIEZHENGXIANDAOCHAYONGGAOMENGGANGZHECHA，GAOMENGGANGZHECHAYUGAOTANGANGGANGGUINANYIHANJIE，NANYISHISHIWUFENGDAOCHA，QIEGAOMENGGANGZHECHAJIAONENGYUGAOTANGANGGANGGUIHANJIEDEHEJINGANGZHECHASHIYONGSHOUMINGDIERBEI。
5、DITIECHELIANGDUANDAOCHAJINSHIYONGDANYIDEDANKAIDAOCHA，ZHISHICHELIANGDUANDAOCHAYANHOUQUZHANYONGTUDIGUODUO，HEPUSHEGUIDAOGUODUO。
6、DITIEJIYOUDEDAOCHAPINZHONGZALUAN，MEIYOUTONGYIDEBIAOZHUN，ZAOCHENGSHENGCHANZHIZAOHEWEIXIUYANGHUDEKUNNAN。
MUQIANCHENGSHIDITIEFAZHANXUNSU，WEILESHIDITIEGENGDUO、GENGKUAI、GENGHAO、GENGSHENGDEFAZHAN，WOGONGSINIYUYIGUANCHUANGXINCHENGSHIDESHENZHENGUIDAOBANHEZUO，BINGJIESHENZHENDITIEDEPINGTAI，TUIGUANGDAOQUANGUODITIE，TETICHUDITIETISU、XIAOZAO、YANSHOU、SHENGTUDI、JIANGUIDAO、XILIEHUADAOCHACHUANGXIN、SHENGJIHEZHUANXINGHUANDAIDECHANPINSHEJI。
ZAIMUQIANDITIEDAOCHASHIYONGJICHUSHANG，TICHUFUWUYUSHEHUIDEJUYOUXINGYEJISHULINGXIAN，BAOZHENGXINGCHEANQUANXINGDEXILIEHUADAOCHACHUANGXINSHEJINEIRONGYOU：
1、DAOCHADETISU
MUQIANDITIEZHENGXIANSHANGSHIYONG9HAODANKAIDAOCHA，GEBIEDITIEZHENGXIANZHEFANZHANSHIYONG12HAODANKAIDAOCHA。ZHEILIANGZHONGDAOCHASHIZHIXIANHUOQUXIANJIANGUIHEZHIXIANZHECHA。WEILETIGAODAOCHADEZHENGXIANHECEXIANRONGXUSUDU，CAIYONGQUXIANJIANGUI、QUXIANZHECHA。YOUYU9HAODANKAIDAOCHATIGAOCEXIANTONGGUOSUDUHOUYU12HAOJIYOUDAOCHAXIANGJIN。WEIJIANTONGDAOCHAPINZHONG，QUXIAO12HAODANKAIDAOCHA，JIANBIAO1.
MUQIANDITIECHELIANGDUANSHIYONG7HAODANKAIDAOCHA，WEILEGAISHANNEIJIETIAOJIAN、TIGAODAOCHADECEXIANRONGXUSUDU，CAIYONGQUXIANJIANGUIHEQUXIANZHECHA，JIANBIAO2.
2、DAOCHADEXIAOZAO
MUQIANYOUXIEDITIEDAOCHAHANJIEWEIWUFENGDAOCHA。WUFENGDAOCHAYUQUJIANWUFENGXIANLUHANJIEBIANCHENGWEIKUAQUJIANWUFENGXIANLU。KUAQUJIANWUFENGXIANLUSHIZHENGXIANSHANGMEIYOUGANGGUIJIETOU，YINCI，KEYIXIAOCHUDITIEDONGNEIDEZHIJIEZAOYINYUAN。
XIAOZAODEKUAQUJIANWUFENGXIANLUYOULIANGZHONGLEIXING，YIZHONGSHIFANGSANSHIDEKUAQUJIANWUFENGXIANLU，LINGYIZHONGSHIZIYINGLISHIDEKUAQUJIANWUFENGXIANLU。RIBENDEKUAQUJIANWUFENGXIANLUSHICAIYONGFANGSANSHIDE。CAIYONGFANGSANSHIDEKUAQUJIANWUFENGXIANLUZAIZHENGXIANSHANGMEI2kmSHEZHIYIZUGANGGUISHENSUOQI，TONGSHIZAIDAOCHADEHOUBUYESHEZHIYIZUGANGGUISHENSUOQI。DEGUOHEWOGUOGUOTIEKUAQUJIANWUFENGXIANLUSHICAIYONGZIYINGLISHIDE。CAIYONGZIYINGLISHIDEKUAQUJIANWUFENGXIANLU，ZAIQUJIANBUSHEGANGGUISHENSUOQI，DANSHIYAOQIUDAOCHACEGUGANGGUISHESHENSUOQI。YINCI，DITIEDESHEJIDANWEIYINGGAIMINGQUEGUIDINGKUAQUJIANWUFENGXIANLUSHIXUANYONGFANGSANSHIHUOZIYINGLISHI。DITIEXUANYONGFANGSANSHIKUAQUJIANWUFENGXIANLUSHI，QUJIANXIANLU、DAKUADUGANGQIAOHEDAOCHADEWEIBUYINGYOUBUTONGSHENSUOLIANGDEGANGGUISHENSUOQI。RUXUANYONGZIYINGLISHIKUAQUJIANWUFENGXIANLU，QUJIANXIANLUBUSHEGANGGUISHENSUOQI，DAKUADUGANGQIAOHEDAOCHACEXIANWEIBUYINGYOUBUTONGSHENSUOLIANGDEGANGGUISHENSUOQI。
SHEZHIGANGGUISHENSUOQISHI，ZAIGANGGUISHENSUOQIDE50mSHENSUOQUJIAN，YINGSHEXIAOZULIKOUJIAN，YIBAOZHENGGANGGUISUIQIWENDEBIANHUAJINXINGZIDONGDEDIAOZHENG。
3、DAOCHADEYANSHOU
DAOCHASHIDUOBUJIANDEZUHETI，QIZHONGZUIYIMOHAOHESUNHUAIDEBUJIANSHIQUJIANGUIHEZHECHA，YIBANDAOCHADEYIGEDAXIUQINEI，XUYAOGENGHUAN3GENQUJIANGUIHE3ZUZHECHA，WEILEJIDITIEKUAQUJIANWUFENGXIANLUTIGONGJIANSHAOGENGHUANYISUNBUJIANDETIAOJIAN，BIXUYOUXIAODIYANZHANGQUJIANGUIHEZHECHADESHIYONGSHOUMING。
JINSANSHINIANWOGUOTIELUYOULEKUAYUESHIDEFAZHAN，XINCAILIAO、XINGONGYI、XINJIEGOU、XINJISHUDALIANGCHUXIAN，WOGUOGUOTIEDAOCHAJISHUSHUIPINGYIJINGDADAOHECHAOGUOZUIFADAGUOJIADAOCHADESHUIPING，SHIXIANQUJIANGUIHEJINGANGXIANGJIAN，HEJINGANGXIANGBANZHECHAHEHEJINGANGUIC33CAOXINGHUGUIKESHIDAOCHABUJIANSHIYONGSHOUMINGCHENGBEIDITIGAO，JIANBIAO3
4、DAOCHAJIESHENGZHANYONGTUDIHEJIANSHAOGUIDAOZHANGDU
MUQIANDITIECHELIANGDUANDOUYOU30~50TIAOGUDAOZUOWEICUNCHE、XICHEHEJIANXIUSHIYONG，ZHUANXIANDAOCHADUONIANLAIJINYOUYIZHONGDANKAIDAOCHA，ZAISHEJIHEBUZHICHELIANGDUANDAOCHAYANHOUQUSHIXUZHANYONGTUDIHEXUYAOLIANJIEDEGUIDAOBIJIAODUO。
YIBANCHELIANGDUANDOUZAIDACHENGSHI，TUDIANGGUI，YOUDECHELIANGDUANLINJINCHENGSHIDESHANQUXUYAOWASHAN。WEILEJIESHENGGONGCHENGYONGDI，WOMENSHEJICHELIANGDUANSHIYONGDEBUDUICHENGSANKAIDAOCHA，SHICHELIANGDUANDEDAOCHAYANHOUQUBUZHIWEIJIANYIXIAN，RUYI12GUDAOWEILI，JINYONGDANKAIDAOCHABUZHIDEDAOCHAYANHOUQUZHANGDUWEI190.388MI（RUTU1SHI）。
TU1
YONGDANKAIDAOCHAHEBUDUICHENGSANKAIDAOCHALIANGZHONGDAOCHABUZHIDAOCHAYANHOUQUZHANGDUWEI98.000MI（RUTU2SHI）。
TU2
CONGTU1HETU2KEJIAN：
DAOCHAYANHOUQUZHANDIJIANSHAO
[1-(98.000/198.388)]*100%=51.5%
DAOCHAYANHOUQUGUIDAOZHANGDUJIANSHAO
[1-(325.734/1080.776)]*100%=69.8%
DAOCHAYANHOUQUDAOCHASHULIANGJIANSHAO
[1-(8/10)]*100%=20%
5、DAOCHADEPINZHONGXILIEHUA、LINGBUJIANTONGYONGHUAHECHANPINBIAOZHUNHUA
1）DAOCHADEPINZHONGXILIEHUA
DITIE（BUHANGAOSUDITIE）DAOCHA，YINGGAIYIZUISHAODEPINZHONGMANZUZUIDADEXUYAOWEIYUANZE，JINXINGPINZHONGXILIEHUA，TUIJIANDITIEDAOCHAXILIEHUAPINZHONGYOU：
①ZHENGXIANSHANGSHIYONGDE60kg/mGANGGUI9HAO（R＝300m）DANKAIDAOCHA；
②ZHENGXIANSHANGSHIYONGDE60kg/mGANGGUI9HAO（R＝300m）JIANJU5.0MIYXINGJIAOCHADUXIAN；
③CHELIANGDUANXIANSHANGSHIYONGDE50kg/mGANGGUI7HAO（R=180m）DANKAIDAOCHA；
④CHELIANGDUANXIANSHANGSHIYONGDE50kg/mGANGGUI7HAO（R=180m）BUDUICHENGSANKAIDAOCHA；
⑤CHELIANGDUANXIANSHANGSHIYONGDE50kg/mGANGGUI7HAO（R=180m）JIANJU5.0MIYXINGJIAOCHADUXIAN；
2）DAOCHADELINGBUJIANTONGYONGHUA
①JIANGUIJIJIANGUIFUJIANDETONGYONGHUA；
②ZHECHAJIZHECHAZUJIANDETONGYONGHUA；
③HUGUIJIHUGUIZUJIANDETONGYONGHUA；
④BUTONGGUIDAOJIEGOUDEDIANBANTONGYONGHUA；
⑤GANGGUISHENSUOQIJIQIZUJIANDETONGYONGHUA；
3）DAOCHACHANPINDEBIAOZHUNHUA
①DAOCHAZHIZAODEJISHUTIAOJIAN；
②DAOCHACUIHUODEJISHUTIAOJIAN；
③JIANGUIGENDUANDUANZAODEJISHUTIAOJIAN；
④GANGGUIHANJIEJISHUTIAOJIAN；
⑤GUIDONGJIEJIETOUJISHUTIAOJIAN；
⑥GANGGUIJUEYUANZHANJIEJIETOUJISHUTIAOJIAN；
6、DAOCHAHOULIANJIEGUIDAODEPINGMIANCHICUN
DITIEDAOCHACEGUTONGGUOSUDUTIGAOHOU，WEILEQUEBAOXINGCHEANQUANBIXUZHONGSHILIANJIEGUIDAOPINGMIANYUSUDUDEGUANXI，DANKAIDAOCHAPUSHEZAICHEZHANNEILIANJIELIANGPINGXINGXIANGUIDAOSHI，DONGCHEZUTONGGUODAOCHACEXIANYOURUTONGGUOFANXIANGQUXIAN，DAOCHADECEXIANRONGXUSUDU，CHUJUEDINGYUTABENSHENDEPINGMIANCHICUN，YEJUEDINGYUDAOCHAHOULIANJIEGUIDAODEPINGMIANTEZHENG，
DANKAIDAOCHALIANJIELIANGPINGXINGGUIDAOSHI，DAOCHAFUDAIQUXIANJIANDEZHIXIANDUANZHANGDUCANKANTU3，KEANXIASHIJISUAN：
f=［e-R(1-cosα)］/sinα-b
SHIZHONG： e－LIANGPINGXINGGUIDAODEJIANJU
R－FUDAIQUXIANDEBANJING
α－ZHECHADEJIAODU
b－DAOCHAZHONGXINZHIDAOCHAGENDUANDEJULI
TU3
7、LIECHETONGGUODAOCHAHOULIANJIEGUIDAODERONGXUSUDU
LIECHETONGGUOSHANGSHUTIAOJIANDEDAOCHACEXIAN,ZUOWEIFANXIANGQUXIANKAOLV，QIYUNXINGSUDUKEANXIALIEFANGFAJINXINGJISUAN：
TU4
TU4SHICHUCHELIANGTONGGUOFANXIANGQUXIANSHI，LIANGGECHETIDEWEIZHI，RUYIXIANDUANＡ1Ｂ1＝Ａ2Ｂ2＝b, DANGＡ1Ｂ1WEIZAIDAOCHACEGUSHANGDEWEIZHI，Ａ2Ｂ2WEIZAIFUDAIQUXIANSHANGDEWEIZHISHI，NEIMECHELIANGZAIDAOCHACEGUQUXIANSHANGCHANSHENGDEWEIBEIPINGHENGLIXINJIASUDUWEI α1=V2/R1，ZAIFUDAIQUXIANSHANGCHANSHENGDEWEIBEIPINGHENGLIXINJIASUDUWEIα2=V2/R2,LIANGZHELIXINJIASUDUFANGXIANGBICIXIANGFAN。
CHELIANGTONGGUOFANXIANGQUXIANSHI，WEIBEIPINGHENGLIXINJIASUDUDEBIANHUAZHIJIEYUbHEfZHIYOUGUAN，TAKEFENWEISANZHONGBUTONGQINGKUANG，JI（１）f<b;（2）f=b;（3）f>b。ZAIZHEISANZHONGTIAOJIANXIA，WEIBEIPINGHENGLIXINJIASUDUDEBIANHUAQINGKUANGBIAOSHIYUTU4ZHONG， RUGUOSHIWEIBEIPINGHENGLIXINJIASUDUANZHIXIANBIANHUA，NEIMECHELIANGYOUＡ1Ｂ1SHIZHIＡ2Ｂ2WEIZHISUOCHANSHENGDEWEIBEIPINGHENGLIXINJIASUDUZENGLIANGYUSHIJIANCHENGBILI。
当f<b时，未被平衡离心加速度的增量为：
ψ=Δα/Δt
式中 Δα=α1+α2, Δt=(f+b)/V
因此： ψ=(α1+α2)V/(f+b)
如将上式中速度单位换算为 m/sec,
并以α1=V2/R1及α2=V2/R2 代入
则： ψ=V3(R1+R2)/3.63 R1R2(f+b)
即：
DANGf≧bSHI，CONGTU4KEJIANWEIBEIPINGHENGLIXINJIASUDUDEZENGLIANGJINJUEDINGYUbZHI，ERYUfZHIWUGUAN，YINCI，ZAIZHEILIANGZHONGTIAOJIANXIA，DAOCHAHOUDELIANJIEGUIDAOBUXIANSU，DONGCHEZUKEANDAOCHADECEGURONGXUSUDUTONGGUO。
MUQIANDITIECHELIANGZHONGLEIBIJIAODUO，WOGUODITIECHELIANGFENLEIYOU24-21m，21-19mHE19-15mSANZHONG，GUDINGGANGJUFENBIEWEI17m、15m、13m,ANXIANLUPINGMIANTEZHENGGUIDINGLIANGPINGXINGXIANJIANGE4.5mHE5.0mSHIDAOCHACEXIANSUDURUBIAO4SUOSHI：
